Updated
PERM occupation, SOC 51-5113.00, #1,100 of 1,410 by filings
Print Binding and Finishing Workers
- Biggest sponsor
- REX THREE, INC. · 33% of its filings
- Busiest state
- FL · 33% of its filings
- Major group
- Production · SOC 51
Weighing an offer for this job?
Where it falls among certified offers, and the four wage levels DOL sets for it by area.
Too few cases for a rate
3 decided filings: too few for an approval rate.
Why
Across every PERM case DOL decided in this window, 3.20% were denied. At that rate a file this size comes back clean most of the time whatever the occupation did, so a percentage would be a fact about how few cases there are. Telling a clean record apart from the field takes about 117 decided cases.
Median wage
$36,629
all PERM $103,272
Filings
3
#1,100 of 1,410
Approval
Not shown
withheld: 3 decided
Median days
498
middle of 3 decided
What it pays
Where its median offer sits among every occupation, then the whole ladder of certified offers by year and by state.
Median offered wage
$36,629median of 3 filings, too few decided to rank
Approval rate
not shownunder 30 decided
Median days to decision
498 daysmiddle of 3 decided, too few to rank
Each bar counts occupations at that value. More
Who files it
The sponsors and firms with the most PERM filings under this code, the places the work sits, and who the workers were.
Sponsors filing it
- REX THREE, INC. 1 filings
- STERLING PIERCE COMPANY INC 1 filings
- VIS-O-GRAPHIC, INC. 1 filings
How this is counted
The employers with the most applications under this code. 3 of 3 filings, 100% of the total.
Firms filing it
- LAW OFFICES OF SANDRA CLAVIJO 1 filings
- MELTSER LAW GROUP 1 filings
- LAW OFFICE OF STEVEN ELIAS 1 filings
How this is counted
The law firms named on the most applications under this code. 3 of 3 filings, 100% of the total.
Where the jobs are
- Florida 1
- Illinois 1
- New York 1
How this is counted
The worksite state on the application, which is where the job is and not where the company is headquartered. Volume by state across everyone is on the state map. These 3 states cover 3 of 3 filings.
Where the work is
- Addison, IL 1
- East Rockaway, NY 1
- Sunrise, FL 1
How this is counted
The worksite city on the application, which is where the job is. These 3 cities cover 3 of 3 filings.
- Every sponsor that files it, by state, approval rate, offered wage and time to a decision
- Every filing for it, PERM, wage requests and H-1B, case by case
Newspapers it advertised in
- 1 cases
Chicago Sun-Times
- 1 cases
New York Post
- 1 cases
Sun-Sentinel
How this is counted
The newspaper or professional journal named for each case's two print ads, one count per paper per case, however the filer spelled it.
How long before filing it began
- 0.0%
Under 30 days
- 0.0%
30 to 59 days
- 0.0%
60 to 89 days
- 67%
90 to 119 days
- 33%
120 to 149 days
- 0.0%
150 to 180 days
- 0.0%
Over 180 days
How this is counted
Days from the first recruitment step to the filing. 20 C.F.R. § 656.17(e) puts the job order and ads 30 to 180 days before filing.
The job itself
What O*NET says the work is, what the market pays it by BLS's survey, its outlook, and DOL's wage levels year by year.
- United States33,180 jobs
- Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-INAddison
- Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FLSunrise
- middle half of pay (BLS)
- median
- 10th to 90th percentile
- DOL's Levels I to IV, left to right
- median PERM offer
| Area | BLS median | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | $42,290 | ||||
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN | $49,250 | $38,438 | $43,098 | $47,757 | $52,416 |
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL | $39,080 | $32,968 | $37,565 | $42,141 | $46,738 |
How these figures fit together
BLS surveys employers on what they pay everyone in a job; DOL builds its four levels from the same survey a year later (the July 2026 wage year uses BLS's May 2025 estimates). DOL publishes levels by area, not nationally, so the United States line has none. Levels are hourly in DOL's tables; here they're shown a year at 2,080 hours, as DOL computes them. The metros are the ones holding the most of this job's PERM filings, placed by Census's county files.
The block is the middle half of what employers report paying everyone in this job, citizen or not; the ticks under it are DOL's four prevailing wage levels for that metro, the floors a PERM or H-1B offer is held to. More
DOL's levels for this job in Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN, year by year
Each July DOL resets the four levels from BLS's newest survey. A determination keeps the figures of the year it was issued in.
| Wage year | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-27 | $38,438 | $43,098 | $47,757 | $52,416 |
| 2025-26 | $36,837 | $41,434 | $46,030 | $50,627 |
| 2024-25 | $34,403 | $39,166 | $43,930 | $48,693 |
| 2023-24 | $31,117 | $36,400 | $41,662 | $46,946 |
| 2022-23 | $29,474 | $34,528 | $39,582 | $44,637 |
| 2021-22 | $27,269 | $33,446 | $39,645 | $45,822 |
What the job is
Bind books and other publications or finish printed products by hand or machine. May set up binding and finishing machines.
- Preparation
- Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
- O*NET Job Zone 1-2
- DOL's education basis
- High school diploma or equivalent
- Wage year 2026-27
- Jobs, 2025 to 2035
- -17.5%
- About 2,300 openings a year (BLS)
- Typical entry
- High school diploma or equivalent
- BLS
The work, most important first
- Examine stitched, collated, bound, or unbound product samples for defects, such as imperfect bindings, ink spots, torn pages, loose pages, or loose or uncut threads.
- Read work orders to determine instructions and specifications for machine set-up.
- Install or adjust bindery machine devices, such as knives, guides, rollers, rounding forms, creasing rams, or clamps, to accommodate sheets, signatures, or books of specified sizes.
- Trim edges of books to size, using cutting machines, book trimming machines, or hand cutters.
- Stitch or glue endpapers, bindings, backings, or signatures, using sewing machines, glue machines, or glue and brushes.
- Monitor machine operations to detect malfunctions or to determine whether adjustments are needed.
The education workers in it report
- 88%
High School Diploma or the equivalent (such as a GED)
Titles people use for it
Binder Operator, Bindery Operator, Bindery Worker, Book Binder, Bindery Technician, Custom Bookbinder, Perfect Binder Operator.
Related jobs: Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders, Sewing Machine Operators, Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Machine Feeders and Offbearers.
This section includes information from the O*NET 31.0 Database and O*NET OnLine by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. PERM Tracker has modified some of this information (the shares are rounded and only the top tasks are shown); what changed. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.
Against other jobs
Where this sits in the ranking
Ranked 1,100 of 1,410 by volume: 1,099 filed at least as many filings, and 310 filed no more.
- Just above
- Correspondence Clerks 3 filings
- Just below
- Neuropsychologists 3 filings
Other production roles
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. More
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. Wages inside a group still swing hard, because the group holds every seniority level and every metro.
- #1,098 Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers 3 filings · none denied
- #1,107 Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other 3 filings · none denied
- #1,091 Prepress Technicians and Workers 3 filings · none denied
- #1,122 Upholsterers 3 filings · none denied
- #1,125 Sewers, Hand 3 filings · none denied
- #1,145 Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other 2 filings · 1 denied
Notes on these numbers
Reading the wage
A floor, not a salary survey: every level and metro mixed. DOL's four wage levels for this job, by area.
What the median is
The median wage employers committed to in federal filings for this occupation. It mixes every experience level and every metro, and it's a floor: the employer must offer at least the prevailing wage DOL determines for the occupation, level and county. Across all PERM filings the middle half of offered wages runs $45,178 to $141,357, so a figure inside that band is unremarkable whichever occupation it belongs to. The levels page reads DOL's OFLC wage search live.
What these numbers don't say
4 notes
- The code is the identity
- This one is SOC 51-5113.00. Two SOC codes can carry the same job title, so a title that looks duplicated on the ranking is two different occupations. Match on the code when you're checking a specific filing.
- A median isn’t an offer
- It's the middle of all 3 wages committed to for this occupation across the country, entry level and principal alike. The same role's medians swing hard by worksite, which the state map shows directly.
- Approval isn’t about the occupation
- The denial rate moves with what happened in the filing rather than with the job title, so nothing here is a property of Print Binding and Finishing Workers. The measured factors are on the denial risk page, published as separate rates.
- Nothing here is pending
- All 3 counted here carry a decision date, because every case in DOL's disclosure files does, so a case still waiting is in none of them. The largest filer of this occupation is REX THREE, INC.. Where the queue stands today is on the processing times page.
The window these figures cover: DOL's PERM disclosure files for fiscal years 2024 to 2026, through the third quarter of 2026, 373,939 decided cases. Nothing pending is counted here. How each figure is built
Weighing an offer?
Compare it against this median, then check the state map, where the same occupation's medians swing hard by worksite.
Setting one?
All 1,410 occupations sort together on the wages page, and denial rates show how outcome moves with the offered wage.
Filings newer than DOL's last published file can't be attributed to this occupation until DOL publishes them. The live list on the case search page carries them by employer.
Case data: DOL quarterly disclosure files (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jun 30, 2026 · quarterly
Employers and firms: Derived from DOL's disclosure files · data through Jun 30, 2026 · rebuilt with each quarterly load
O*NET occupation data: O*NET Database, USDOL/ETA (onetcenter.org) · data through Aug 16, 2026 · twice a year
BLS market pay: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (bls.gov) · data through May 31, 2025 · yearly, each spring
BLS employment projections: BLS Employment Projections (bls.gov) · data through Dec 31, 2025 · yearly, each autumn
DOL wage tables: DOL OFLC wage data downloads (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jul 1, 2026 · yearly, each july
What each source includes
Case data: Decided PERM cases only. A case still waiting isn't in here, so counts and durations describe finished cases.
Employers and firms: Employers, law firms and occupations ranked from decided cases only.
O*NET occupation data: What O*NET says each occupation is and takes: its description, tasks, Job Zone and the education workers report. A description of the job everywhere, not of any one employer's opening.
BLS market pay: What employers report paying everyone in each job, nationally, by state and by metro, from BLS's yearly survey (May of the year named). Citizens and immigrants alike; not PERM offers.
BLS employment projections: BLS's ten-year projection of each job's employment and yearly openings, and the entry education it calls typical. A projection, not a count.
DOL wage tables: The four prevailing wage levels DOL publishes for every job in every area, each wage year from 2021-22, as DOL's own tables print them. The floors an offer is held to, not what anyone was paid.
Cite this page
Waiting on a PERM case?
- When it'll likely be decided
- An email when DOL moves it