Updated
PERM occupation, SOC 25-1067, #883 of 1,410 by filings
SOC 25-1067
- Biggest sponsor
- BRIDGEWATER COLLEGE · 13% of its filings
- Busiest state
- VA · 25% of its filings
- Major group
- Education and library · SOC 25
Weighing an offer for this job?
Where it falls among certified offers, and the four wage levels DOL sets for it by area.
DOL's job-title cell is unusable on these rows, so the code is the only name they have.
Too few cases for a rate
8 decided filings: too few for an approval rate.
Why
Across every PERM case DOL decided in this window, 3.20% were denied. At that rate a file this size comes back clean most of the time whatever the occupation did, so a percentage would be a fact about how few cases there are. Telling a clean record apart from the field takes about 117 decided cases.
Median wage
$66,100
all PERM $103,272
Filings
8
#883 of 1,410
Approval
Not shown
withheld: 8 decided
Median days
387
middle of 8 decided
What it pays
Where its median offer sits among every occupation, then the whole ladder of certified offers by year and by state.
Median offered wage
$66,100median of 8 filings, too few decided to rank
Approval rate
not shownunder 30 decided
Median days to decision
387 daysmiddle of 8 decided, too few to rank
Each bar counts occupations at that value. More
Who files it
The sponsors and firms with the most PERM filings under this code, the places the work sits, and who the workers were.
Sponsors filing it
- BRIDGEWATER COLLEGE 1 filings
- California State University, Los Angeles 1 filings
- FLORIDA GULF COAST UNIVERSITY 1 filings
- MISSOURI STATE UNIVERSITY 1 filings
- STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BINGHAMTON 1 filings
- UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKALINCOLN 1 filings
How this is counted
The employers with the most applications under this code. 6 of 8 filings, 75% of the total.
Firms filing it
- Bordeau Noulles LLC 1 filings
- ENG & NISHIMURA 1 filings
- Fragomen, Del Rey, Bernsen Loewy, LLP 1 filings
- McCandlish Holton, PC 1 filings
- Roth Jackson Gibbons Condlin PLC 1 filings
How this is counted
The law firms named on the most applications under this code. 5 of 8 filings, 63% of the total.
Where the jobs are
- Virginia 2
- California 1
- Florida 1
- Missouri 1
- Nebraska 1
- New York 1
How this is counted
The worksite state on the application, which is where the job is and not where the company is headquartered. Volume by state across everyone is on the state map. These 6 states cover 7 of 8 filings.
Where the work is
- Binghamton, NY 1
- Bridgewater, VA 1
- Fort Myers, FL 1
- Lincoln, NE 1
- Los Angeles, CA 1
- Norman, OK 1
How this is counted
The worksite city on the application, which is where the job is. These 6 cities cover 6 of 8 filings.
- Every sponsor that files it, by state, approval rate, offered wage and time to a decision
- Every filing for it, PERM, wage requests and H-1B, case by case
Who filled these jobs, FY2016 to FY2023
From DOL's old form; the form in use since mid-2023 doesn't carry them. Top six of each.
Country of citizenship
- China 30
- Canada 21
- South Korea 14
- Turkey 10
- India 9
- Taiwan 6
Worker's education
- Doctorate 152
- Master's 2
- Other 1
Visa held when filed
- H-1B 129
- F-1 15
- J-1 2
- NOT IN USA 2
- TN 2
- B-2 1
Schools
- PURDUE UNIVERSITY 8
- UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO 7
- CORNELL UNIVERSITY 5
- MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY 5
- THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 4
- UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN 4
Fields of study
- SOCIOLOGY 99
- ANTHROPOLOGY 3
- CRIMINOLOGY 2
- RURAL SOCIOLOGY 2
- SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY 2
- SOCIOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE 2
The job itself
What O*NET says the work is, what the market pays it by BLS's survey, its outlook, and DOL's wage levels year by year.
- United States11,850 jobs
- Binghamton, NYBinghamton
- Harrisonburg, VABridgewater
- Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FLFort Myers
- Lincoln, NELincoln
- Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CALos Angeles
- middle half of pay (BLS)
- median
- 10th to 90th percentile
- DOL's Levels I to IV, left to right
- median PERM offer
| Area | BLS median | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | $84,290 | ||||
| Binghamton, NY | — | $56,850 | $68,807 | $80,763 | $92,720 |
| Harrisonburg, VA | — | $58,990 | $79,717 | $100,443 | $121,170 |
| Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL | — | $52,850 | $63,240 | $73,630 | $84,020 |
| Lincoln, NE | — | $59,300 | $73,453 | $87,607 | $101,760 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | $128,010 | $71,470 | $106,737 | $142,003 | $177,270 |
How these figures fit together
BLS surveys employers on what they pay everyone in a job; DOL builds its four levels from the same survey a year later (the July 2026 wage year uses BLS's May 2025 estimates). DOL publishes levels by area, not nationally, so the United States line has none. Levels are hourly in DOL's tables; here they're shown a year at 2,080 hours, as DOL computes them. The metros are the ones holding the most of this job's PERM filings, placed by Census's county files.
The block is the middle half of what employers report paying everyone in this job, citizen or not; the ticks under it are DOL's four prevailing wage levels for that metro, the floors a PERM or H-1B offer is held to. More
DOL's levels for this job in Binghamton, NY, year by year
Each July DOL resets the four levels from BLS's newest survey. A determination keeps the figures of the year it was issued in.
| Wage year | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-27 | $56,850 | $68,807 | $80,763 | $92,720 |
| 2025-26 | $53,780 | $66,033 | $78,287 | $90,540 |
| 2024-25 | $57,770 | $72,177 | $86,583 | $100,990 |
| 2023-24 | $55,700 | $71,560 | $87,420 | $103,280 |
| 2022-23 | $59,240 | $76,237 | $93,233 | $110,230 |
| 2021-22 | $52,650 | $82,130 | $111,610 | $141,090 |
What the job is
Teach courses in sociology. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
- Preparation
- Extensive Preparation Needed
- O*NET Job Zone 5
- DOL's education basis
- Doctoral or professional degree
- Wage year 2026-27, on DOL's Appendix A list
- Jobs, 2025 to 2035
- +2.2%
- About 1,000 openings a year (BLS)
- Typical entry
- Doctoral or professional degree
- BLS
The work, most important first
- Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers.
- Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.
- Compile, administer, and grade examinations, or assign this work to others.
- Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as race and ethnic relations, measurement and data collection, and workplace social relations.
- Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.
- Keep abreast of developments in the field by reading current literature, talking with colleagues, and participating in professional conferences.
The education workers in it report
- 23%
Master's Degree
- 77%
Doctoral Degree
Titles people use for it
Assistant Professor, Professor, Sociology Instructor, Sociology Professor, Adjunct Instructor, Associate Professor, Faculty Member, Instructor.
Related jobs: Anthropology and Archeology Teachers, Postsecondary, Psychology Teachers, Postsecondary, Political Science Teachers, Postsecondary, Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers, Postsecondary, Social Work Teachers, Postsecondary, Philosophy and Religion Teachers, Postsecondary.
This section includes information from the O*NET 31.0 Database and O*NET OnLine by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. PERM Tracker has modified some of this information (the shares are rounded and only the top tasks are shown); what changed. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.
Against other jobs
Where this sits in the ranking
Ranked 883 of 1,410 by volume: 882 filed at least as many filings, and 527 filed no more.
- Just above
- Etchers and Engravers 8 filings
- Just below
- Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other 8 filings
Other education and library roles
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. More
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. Wages inside a group still swing hard, because the group holds every seniority level and every metro.
- #896 Museum Technicians and Conservators 7 filings · none denied
- #857 N/A 9 filings · none denied
- #912 Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary 7 filings · none denied
- #842 Special Education Teachers, All Other 9 filings · 1 denied
- #932 Library Science Teachers, Postsecondary 6 filings · none denied
- #937 Farm and Home Management Educators 6 filings · none denied
The same job on H-1B
494 certified H-1B labor condition applications for this occupation since FY2020, offering a median of $72,737 a year; the middle half ran $60,163 to $89,882. By state and year in the salary explorer.
Notes on these numbers
Reading the wage
A floor, not a salary survey: every level and metro mixed. DOL's four wage levels for this job, by area.
What the median is
The median wage employers committed to in federal filings for this occupation. It mixes every experience level and every metro, and it's a floor: the employer must offer at least the prevailing wage DOL determines for the occupation, level and county. Across all PERM filings the middle half of offered wages runs $45,178 to $141,357, so a figure inside that band is unremarkable whichever occupation it belongs to. The levels page reads DOL's OFLC wage search live.
What these numbers don't say
4 notes
- The code is the identity
- This one is SOC 25-1067. Two SOC codes can carry the same job title, so a title that looks duplicated on the ranking is two different occupations. Match on the code when you're checking a specific filing.
- A median isn’t an offer
- It's the middle of all 8 wages committed to for this occupation across the country, entry level and principal alike. The same role's medians swing hard by worksite, which the state map shows directly.
- Approval isn’t about the occupation
- The denial rate moves with what happened in the filing rather than with the job title, so nothing here is a property of SOC 25-1067. The measured factors are on the denial risk page, published as separate rates.
- Nothing here is pending
- All 8 counted here carry a decision date, because every case in DOL's disclosure files does, so a case still waiting is in none of them. The largest filer of this occupation is BRIDGEWATER COLLEGE. Where the queue stands today is on the processing times page.
The window these figures cover: DOL's PERM disclosure files for fiscal years 2024 to 2026, through the third quarter of 2026, 373,939 decided cases. Nothing pending is counted here. How each figure is built
Weighing an offer?
Compare it against this median, then check the state map, where the same occupation's medians swing hard by worksite.
Setting one?
All 1,410 occupations sort together on the wages page, and denial rates show how outcome moves with the offered wage.
Filings newer than DOL's last published file can't be attributed to this occupation until DOL publishes them. The live list on the case search page carries them by employer.
Case data: DOL quarterly disclosure files (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jun 30, 2026 · quarterly
Employers and firms: Derived from DOL's disclosure files · data through Jun 30, 2026 · rebuilt with each quarterly load
O*NET occupation data: O*NET Database, USDOL/ETA (onetcenter.org) · data through Aug 16, 2026 · twice a year
BLS market pay: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (bls.gov) · data through May 31, 2025 · yearly, each spring
BLS employment projections: BLS Employment Projections (bls.gov) · data through Dec 31, 2025 · yearly, each autumn
DOL wage tables: DOL OFLC wage data downloads (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jul 1, 2026 · yearly, each july
What each source includes
Case data: Decided PERM cases only. A case still waiting isn't in here, so counts and durations describe finished cases.
Employers and firms: Employers, law firms and occupations ranked from decided cases only.
O*NET occupation data: What O*NET says each occupation is and takes: its description, tasks, Job Zone and the education workers report. A description of the job everywhere, not of any one employer's opening.
BLS market pay: What employers report paying everyone in each job, nationally, by state and by metro, from BLS's yearly survey (May of the year named). Citizens and immigrants alike; not PERM offers.
BLS employment projections: BLS's ten-year projection of each job's employment and yearly openings, and the entry education it calls typical. A projection, not a count.
DOL wage tables: The four prevailing wage levels DOL publishes for every job in every area, each wage year from 2021-22, as DOL's own tables print them. The floors an offer is held to, not what anyone was paid.
Cite this page
Waiting on a PERM case?
- When it'll likely be decided
- An email when DOL moves it