Updated
PERM occupation, SOC 25-1124, #416 of 1,410 by filings
SOC 25-1124
- Biggest sponsor
- COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY · 6% of its filings
- Busiest state
- NY · 16% of its filings
- Major group
- Education and library · SOC 25
Weighing an offer for this job?
Where it falls among certified offers, and the four wage levels DOL sets for it by area.
DOL's job-title cell is unusable on these rows, so the code is the only name they have.
This rate is level with the field
Over 62 decided filings, this rate can't be told apart from the field in either direction.
Why
The 95% interval runs up to a 8.6% denial rate, which still covers the 3.20% the field as a whole records.
Median wage
$67,150
all PERM $103,272
Filings
62
#416 of 1,410
Approval
98.4%
field 96.8%
Median days
386
91 faster than the field
What it pays
Where its median offer sits among every occupation, then the whole ladder of certified offers by year and by state.
Median offered wage
$67,150above 49%
Approval rate
98.4%ahead of 74%
Median days to decision
386 daysahead of 86%
Each bar counts occupations at that value. More
Who files it
The sponsors and firms with the most PERM filings under this code, the places the work sits, and who the workers were.
Sponsors filing it
- COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 4 filings
- YALE UNIVERSITY 4 filings
- UNIVERSITY OF NORTH GEORGIA 3 filings
- DUKE UNIVERSITY AND MEDICAL CENTER 2 filings
- Swarthmore College 2 filings
- UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON 2 filings
How this is counted
The employers with the most applications under this code. 17 of 62 filings, 27% of the total.
Firms filing it
- Curran, Berger Kludt 5 filings
- Kramer Partners, LLP 3 filings
- Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak Stewart, P.C. 3 filings
- Jackson Lewis PC 2 filings
- The Law Office of Matthew I Hirsch 2 filings
- The Seltzer Firm, PLLC 2 filings
How this is counted
The law firms named on the most applications under this code. 17 of 62 filings, 27% of the total.
Where the jobs are
- New York 10
- California 5
- Connecticut 5
- Massachusetts 5
- Georgia 4
- Pennsylvania 4
How this is counted
The worksite state on the application, which is where the job is and not where the company is headquartered. Volume by state across everyone is on the state map. These 6 states cover 33 of 62 filings.
Where the work is
- New York, NY 5
- New Haven, CT 4
- Boston, MA 2
- Dahlonega, GA 2
- Durham, NC 2
- Los Angeles, CA 2
How this is counted
The worksite city on the application, which is where the job is. These 6 cities cover 17 of 62 filings.
- Every sponsor that files it, by state, approval rate, offered wage and time to a decision
- Every filing for it, PERM, wage requests and H-1B, case by case
Who filled these jobs, FY2016 to FY2023
From DOL's old form; the form in use since mid-2023 doesn't carry them. Top six of each.
Country of citizenship
- China 129
- Spain 106
- France 66
- Japan 57
- Italy 50
- South Korea 42
Worker's education
- Doctorate 623
- Master's 237
- Bachelor's 20
- Other 11
Visa held when filed
- H-1B 774
- F-1 43
- J-1 24
- TN 9
- NOT IN USA 4
- G-4 3
Schools
- HARVARD UNIVERSITY 18
- MONTEREY INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 18
- UNIVERSITY OF IOWA 17
- THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY 16
- STANFORD UNIVERSITY 14
- UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON 13
Fields of study
- SPANISH 62
- FRENCH 39
- LINGUISTICS 32
- HISPANIC STUDIES 22
- COMPARATIVE LITERATURE 19
- ITALIAN STUDIES 14
The job itself
What O*NET says the work is, what the market pays it by BLS's survey, its outlook, and DOL's wage levels year by year.
- United States19,830 jobs
- New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJNew York
- New Haven, CTNew Haven
- Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NHBoston
- Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GADahlonega
- Durham-Chapel Hill, NCDurham
- middle half of pay (BLS)
- median
- 10th to 90th percentile
- DOL's Levels I to IV, left to right
- median PERM offer
| Area | BLS median | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | $79,350 | ||||
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ | $98,600 | $54,780 | $82,553 | $110,327 | $138,100 |
| New Haven, CT | — | $63,890 | $79,093 | $94,297 | $109,500 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH | $99,100 | $72,060 | $94,143 | $116,227 | $138,310 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA | $79,670 | $50,700 | $66,377 | $82,053 | $97,730 |
| Durham-Chapel Hill, NC | $63,940 | $49,450 | $59,653 | $69,857 | $80,060 |
How these figures fit together
BLS surveys employers on what they pay everyone in a job; DOL builds its four levels from the same survey a year later (the July 2026 wage year uses BLS's May 2025 estimates). DOL publishes levels by area, not nationally, so the United States line has none. Levels are hourly in DOL's tables; here they're shown a year at 2,080 hours, as DOL computes them. The metros are the ones holding the most of this job's PERM filings, placed by Census's county files.
The block is the middle half of what employers report paying everyone in this job, citizen or not; the ticks under it are DOL's four prevailing wage levels for that metro, the floors a PERM or H-1B offer is held to. More
DOL's levels for this job in New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ, year by year
Each July DOL resets the four levels from BLS's newest survey. A determination keeps the figures of the year it was issued in.
| Wage year | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-27 | $54,780 | $82,553 | $110,327 | $138,100 |
| 2025-26 | $58,980 | $85,473 | $111,967 | $138,460 |
| 2024-25 | $64,830 | $92,297 | $119,763 | $147,230 |
| 2023-24 | $56,680 | $80,073 | $103,467 | $126,860 |
| 2022-23 | $53,910 | $78,247 | $102,583 | $126,920 |
| 2021-22 | $49,430 | $74,050 | $98,670 | $123,290 |
What the job is
Teach languages and literature courses in languages other than English. Includes teachers of American Sign Language (ASL). Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
- Preparation
- Extensive Preparation Needed
- O*NET Job Zone 5
- DOL's education basis
- Doctoral or professional degree
- Wage year 2026-27, on DOL's Appendix A list
- Jobs, 2025 to 2035
- +0.2%
- About 1,600 openings a year (BLS)
- Typical entry
- Doctoral or professional degree
- BLS
The work, most important first
- Prepare course materials, such as syllabi, homework assignments, and handouts.
- Maintain student attendance records, grades, and other required records.
- Evaluate and grade students' class work, assignments, and papers.
- Initiate, facilitate, and moderate classroom discussions.
- Prepare and deliver lectures to undergraduate or graduate students on topics such as how to speak and write a foreign language and the cultural aspects of areas where a particular language is used.
- Conduct research in a particular field of knowledge and publish findings in scholarly journals, books, or electronic media.
The education workers in it report
- 9%
Bachelor's Degree
- 18%
Master's Degree
- 73%
Doctoral Degree
Titles people use for it
French Professor, Professor, Spanish Instructor, Spanish Professor, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Foreign Languages Professor, German Professor.
Related jobs: English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary, Area, Ethnic, and Cultural Studies Teachers, Postsecondary, Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education, Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education, and English as a Second Language Instructors, History Teachers, Postsecondary, Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education.
This section includes information from the O*NET 31.0 Database and O*NET OnLine by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. PERM Tracker has modified some of this information (the shares are rounded and only the top tasks are shown); what changed. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.
Against other jobs
Where this sits in the ranking
Ranked 416 of 1,410 by volume: 415 filed at least as many filings, and 994 filed no more.
- Just above
- First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers 62 filings
- Just below
- Bakers 62 filings
Other education and library roles
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. More
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. Wages inside a group still swing hard, because the group holds every seniority level and every metro.
- #411 Recreation and Fitness Studies Teachers, Postsecondary 62 filings · 1 denied
- #410 N/A 63 filings · 1 denied
- #424 Architecture Teachers, Postsecondary 59 filings · none denied
- #429 Tutors 59 filings · none denied
- #401 Preschool Teachers 66 filings · 4 denied
- #431 History Teachers, Postsecondary 58 filings · 3 denied
The same job on H-1B
3,149 certified H-1B labor condition applications for this occupation since FY2020, offering a median of $64,180 a year; the middle half ran $54,640 to $75,750. By state and year in the salary explorer.
Notes on these numbers
Reading the wage
A floor, not a salary survey: every level and metro mixed. DOL's four wage levels for this job, by area.
What the median is
The median wage employers committed to in federal filings for this occupation. It mixes every experience level and every metro, and it's a floor: the employer must offer at least the prevailing wage DOL determines for the occupation, level and county. Across all PERM filings the middle half of offered wages runs $45,178 to $141,357, so a figure inside that band is unremarkable whichever occupation it belongs to. The levels page reads DOL's OFLC wage search live.
What these numbers don't say
4 notes
- The code is the identity
- This one is SOC 25-1124. Two SOC codes can carry the same job title, so a title that looks duplicated on the ranking is two different occupations. Match on the code when you're checking a specific filing.
- A median isn’t an offer
- It's the middle of all 62 wages committed to for this occupation across the country, entry level and principal alike. The same role's medians swing hard by worksite, which the state map shows directly.
- Approval isn’t about the occupation
- The denial rate moves with what happened in the filing rather than with the job title, so nothing here is a property of SOC 25-1124. The measured factors are on the denial risk page, published as separate rates.
- Nothing here is pending
- All 62 counted here carry a decision date, because every case in DOL's disclosure files does, so a case still waiting is in none of them. The largest filer of this occupation is COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. Where the queue stands today is on the processing times page.
The window these figures cover: DOL's PERM disclosure files for fiscal years 2024 to 2026, through the third quarter of 2026, 373,939 decided cases. Nothing pending is counted here. How each figure is built
Weighing an offer?
Compare it against this median, then check the state map, where the same occupation's medians swing hard by worksite.
Setting one?
All 1,410 occupations sort together on the wages page, and denial rates show how outcome moves with the offered wage.
Filings newer than DOL's last published file can't be attributed to this occupation until DOL publishes them. The live list on the case search page carries them by employer.
Case data: DOL quarterly disclosure files (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jun 30, 2026 · quarterly
Employers and firms: Derived from DOL's disclosure files · data through Jun 30, 2026 · rebuilt with each quarterly load
O*NET occupation data: O*NET Database, USDOL/ETA (onetcenter.org) · data through Aug 16, 2026 · twice a year
BLS market pay: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (bls.gov) · data through May 31, 2025 · yearly, each spring
BLS employment projections: BLS Employment Projections (bls.gov) · data through Dec 31, 2025 · yearly, each autumn
DOL wage tables: DOL OFLC wage data downloads (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jul 1, 2026 · yearly, each july
What each source includes
Case data: Decided PERM cases only. A case still waiting isn't in here, so counts and durations describe finished cases.
Employers and firms: Employers, law firms and occupations ranked from decided cases only.
O*NET occupation data: What O*NET says each occupation is and takes: its description, tasks, Job Zone and the education workers report. A description of the job everywhere, not of any one employer's opening.
BLS market pay: What employers report paying everyone in each job, nationally, by state and by metro, from BLS's yearly survey (May of the year named). Citizens and immigrants alike; not PERM offers.
BLS employment projections: BLS's ten-year projection of each job's employment and yearly openings, and the entry education it calls typical. A projection, not a count.
DOL wage tables: The four prevailing wage levels DOL publishes for every job in every area, each wage year from 2021-22, as DOL's own tables print them. The floors an offer is held to, not what anyone was paid.
Cite this page
Waiting on a PERM case?
- When it'll likely be decided
- An email when DOL moves it