Updated
PERM occupation, SOC 27-1021.00, #166 of 1,410 by filings
Commercial and Industrial Designers
- Biggest sponsor
- L&T Technology Services Limited · 4% of its filings
- Busiest state
- CA · 35% of its filings
- Major group
- Arts, design, media and sport · SOC 27
Weighing an offer for this job?
Where it falls among certified offers, and the four wage levels DOL sets for it by area.
This rate is level with the field
Over 270 decided filings, this rate can't be told apart from the field in either direction.
Why
The 95% interval runs up to a 5.3% denial rate, which still covers the 3.20% the field as a whole records.
Median wage
$85,000
all PERM $103,272
Filings
286
#166 of 1,410
Approval
97.4%
field 96.8%
Median days
476
1 faster than the field
What it pays
Where its median offer sits among every occupation, then the whole ladder of certified offers by year and by state.
Median offered wage
$85,000above 61%
Approval rate
97.4%ahead of 59%
Median days to decision
476 daysahead of 50%
Each bar counts occupations at that value. More
- 5th to 95th
- 25th to 75th
- Median
- 10th and 90th
FY2025
$85,000 median · 141 certified cases
FY2026
$86,100 median · 107 certified cases
- 10th
- $53,352
- +2.4% since FY2025
- Median
- $86,100
- +1.3% since FY2025
- 90th
- $169,040
- +5.7% since FY2025
- 95th
- $207,626
- +15.3% since FY2025
Each row is that fiscal year's certified filings, counted on their own. A percentile is over the year, so a year with far fewer cases behind it is a thinner measurement than one with more.
| Fiscal year | Cases | 5th | 10th | 25th | Median | 75th | 90th | 95th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2025 | 141 | $46,717 | $52,125 | $66,300 | $85,000 | $125,000 | $160,000 | $180,000 |
| FY2026 | 107 | $52,067 | $53,352 | $64,240 | $86,100 | $115,000 | $169,040 | $207,626 |
A median answers whether pay moved. More
Who files it
The sponsors and firms with the most PERM filings under this code, the places the work sits, and who the workers were.
Sponsors filing it
- L&T Technology Services Limited 12 filings
- Lucid USA, Inc. 11 filings
- NIKE, Inc. 8 filings
- Salesforce, Inc. 4 filings
- Technicon Design Corporation 4 filings
- Ardagh Glass Inc. 3 filings
How this is counted
The employers with the most applications under this code. 42 of 286 filings, 15% of the total.
Firms filing it
- Fragomen, Del Rey, Bernsen & Loewy, LLP 23 filings
- Fakhoury Global Immigration, USA PC 16 filings
- Tafapolsky & Smith LLP 15 filings
- Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP 14 filings
- Erickson Immigration Group 11 filings
- Ogletree, Deakins, Nash, Smoak & Stewart, P.C. 11 filings
How this is counted
The law firms named on the most applications under this code. 90 of 286 filings, 31% of the total.
Where the jobs are
- California 100
- New York 35
- New Jersey 24
- Florida 16
- Texas 15
- Michigan 12
How this is counted
The worksite state on the application, which is where the job is and not where the company is headquartered. Volume by state across everyone is on the state map. These 6 states cover 202 of 286 filings.
Where the work is
- New York, NY 20
- San Francisco, CA 18
- Edison, NJ 12
- Newark, CA 12
- Beaverton, OR 8
- Brooklyn, NY 7
How this is counted
The worksite city on the application, which is where the job is. These 6 cities cover 77 of 286 filings.
- Every sponsor that files it, by state, approval rate, offered wage and time to a decision
- Every filing for it, PERM, wage requests and H-1B, case by case
Newspapers it advertised in
- 41 cases
San Francisco Chronicle
- 19 cases
The New York Times
- 18 cases
Los Angeles Times
- 15 cases
The Star-Ledger
- 13 cases
The Orange County Register
- 10 cases
New York Post
How this is counted
The newspaper or professional journal named for each case's two print ads, one count per paper per case, however the filer spelled it.
Additional steps it used
- 247 cases
Job search websites
- 219 cases
Local or ethnic newspapers
- 118 cases
The employer's website
- 106 cases
Radio or TV ads
- 46 cases
Employee referral programs
- 33 cases
Trade or professional organizations
How this is counted
The steps a professional job needs beyond the job order and the ads, by the number of cases that name each.
How long before filing it began
- 0.0%
Under 30 days
- 0.0%
30 to 59 days
- 28%
60 to 89 days
- 27%
90 to 119 days
- 17%
120 to 149 days
- 26%
150 to 180 days
- 0.7%
Over 180 days
How this is counted
Days from the first recruitment step to the filing. 20 C.F.R. § 656.17(e) puts the job order and ads 30 to 180 days before filing.
Who filled these jobs, FY2016 to FY2023
From DOL's old form; the form in use since mid-2023 doesn't carry them. Top six of each.
Country of citizenship
- China 3
- South Africa 2
- Turkey 2
- Albania 1
- Canada 1
- Pakistan 1
Worker's education
- Bachelor's 8
- Master's 4
- Associate's 1
- High School 1
Visa held when filed
- H-1B 10
- F-1 1
- L-1 1
Schools
- ULUDAG UNIVERSITY 2
- CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF THE ARTS 1
- CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY 1
- CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 1
- CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 1
- CEGEP OF SAINT HYACINTHE 1
Fields of study
- MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 3
- INDUSTRIAL DESIGN 2
- ARCHITECTURE 1
- ART (METAL ART) 1
- COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN 1
- COMPUTER GRAPHICS 1
The job itself
What O*NET says the work is, what the market pays it by BLS's survey, its outlook, and DOL's wage levels year by year.
- United States33,490 jobs
- New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJNew York, Edison, Brooklyn
- San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CASan Francisco, Newark
- Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WABeaverton
- middle half of pay (BLS)
- median
- 10th to 90th percentile
- DOL's Levels I to IV, left to right
- median PERM offer
| Area | BLS median | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | $83,910 | ||||
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ | $94,890 | $66,352 | $83,699 | $101,067 | $118,414 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA | $104,000 | $76,960 | $93,184 | $109,387 | $125,611 |
| Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA | $81,450 | $59,883 | $74,152 | $88,400 | $102,669 |
How these figures fit together
BLS surveys employers on what they pay everyone in a job; DOL builds its four levels from the same survey a year later (the July 2026 wage year uses BLS's May 2025 estimates). DOL publishes levels by area, not nationally, so the United States line has none. Levels are hourly in DOL's tables; here they're shown a year at 2,080 hours, as DOL computes them. The metros are the ones holding the most of this job's PERM filings, placed by Census's county files.
The block is the middle half of what employers report paying everyone in this job, citizen or not; the ticks under it are DOL's four prevailing wage levels for that metro, the floors a PERM or H-1B offer is held to. More
DOL's levels for this job in New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ, year by year
Each July DOL resets the four levels from BLS's newest survey. A determination keeps the figures of the year it was issued in.
| Wage year | Level I | Level II | Level III | Level IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-27 | $66,352 | $83,699 | $101,067 | $118,414 |
| 2025-26 | $63,606 | $79,685 | $95,763 | $111,842 |
| 2024-25 | $56,826 | $71,386 | $85,966 | $100,526 |
| 2023-24 | $53,352 | $70,554 | $87,734 | $104,936 |
| 2022-23 | $51,522 | $68,598 | $85,675 | $102,752 |
| 2021-22 | $52,894 | $68,266 | $83,637 | $99,008 |
What the job is
Design and develop manufactured products, such as cars, home appliances, and children's toys. Combine artistic talent with research on product use, marketing, and materials to create the most functional and appealing product design.
- Preparation
- Considerable Preparation Needed
- O*NET Job Zone 4
- DOL's education basis
- Bachelor's degree
- Wage year 2026-27, on DOL's Appendix A list
- Jobs, 2025 to 2035
- +2.4%
- About 2,800 openings a year (BLS)
- Typical entry
- Bachelor's degree
- BLS
The work, most important first
- Prepare sketches of ideas, detailed drawings, illustrations, artwork, or blueprints, using drafting instruments, paints and brushes, or computer-aided design equipment.
- Modify and refine designs, using working models, to conform with customer specifications, production limitations, or changes in design trends.
- Evaluate feasibility of design ideas, based on factors such as appearance, safety, function, serviceability, budget, production costs/methods, and market characteristics.
- Confer with engineering, marketing, production, or sales departments, or with customers, to establish and evaluate design concepts for manufactured products.
- Present designs and reports to customers or design committees for approval and discuss need for modification.
- Research production specifications, costs, production materials, and manufacturing methods and provide cost estimates and itemized production requirements.
The education workers in it report
- 15%
Some College Courses
- 12%
Associate's Degree or other 2-year degree
- 68%
Bachelor's Degree
Titles people use for it
Design Engineer, Designer, Industrial Designer, Product Designer, Mechanical Designer, Mold Designer, Product Design Engineer, Product Development Engineer.
Related jobs: Mechanical Drafters, Model Makers, Metal and Plastic, Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers, Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic, Fashion Designers, Industrial Engineers.
This section includes information from the O*NET 31.0 Database and O*NET OnLine by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. PERM Tracker has modified some of this information (the shares are rounded and only the top tasks are shown); what changed. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.
Against other jobs
Where this sits in the ranking
Ranked 166 of 1,410 by volume: 165 filed at least as many filings, and 1,244 filed no more.
- Just above
- N/A 287 filings
- Just below
- First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 283 filings
Other arts, design, media and sport roles
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. More
Occupations sharing this one's SOC major group, which is carried in the first two digits of the code. Wages inside a group still swing hard, because the group holds every seniority level and every metro.
- #169 Special Effects Artists and Animators 274 filings · 3 denied
- #175 Interior Designers 267 filings · 10 denied
- #153 Public Relations Specialists 316 filings · 10 denied
- #145 Coaches and Scouts 335 filings · 29 denied
- #204 Graphic Designers 214 filings · 9 denied
- #113 Graphic Designers 485 filings · 20 denied
The same job on H-1B
5,632 certified H-1B labor condition applications for this occupation since FY2020, offering a median of $85,000 a year; the middle half ran $70,000 to $124,255. By state and year in the salary explorer.
Notes on these numbers
Reading the wage
A floor, not a salary survey: every level and metro mixed. DOL's four wage levels for this job, by area.
What the median is
The median wage employers committed to in federal filings for this occupation. It mixes every experience level and every metro, and it's a floor: the employer must offer at least the prevailing wage DOL determines for the occupation, level and county. Across all PERM filings the middle half of offered wages runs $45,178 to $141,357, so a figure inside that band is unremarkable whichever occupation it belongs to. The levels page reads DOL's OFLC wage search live.
What these numbers don't say
4 notes
- The code is the identity
- This one is SOC 27-1021.00. Two SOC codes can carry the same job title, so a title that looks duplicated on the ranking is two different occupations. Match on the code when you're checking a specific filing.
- A median isn’t an offer
- It's the middle of all 286 wages committed to for this occupation across the country, entry level and principal alike. The same role's medians swing hard by worksite, which the state map shows directly.
- Approval isn’t about the occupation
- The denial rate moves with what happened in the filing rather than with the job title, so nothing here is a property of Commercial and Industrial Designers. The measured factors are on the denial risk page, published as separate rates.
- Nothing here is pending
- All 286 counted here carry a decision date, because every case in DOL's disclosure files does, so a case still waiting is in none of them. The largest filer of this occupation is L&T Technology Services Limited. Where the queue stands today is on the processing times page.
The window these figures cover: DOL's PERM disclosure files for fiscal years 2024 to 2026, through the third quarter of 2026, 373,939 decided cases. Nothing pending is counted here. How each figure is built
Weighing an offer?
Compare it against this median, then check the state map, where the same occupation's medians swing hard by worksite.
Setting one?
All 1,410 occupations sort together on the wages page, and denial rates show how outcome moves with the offered wage.
Filings newer than DOL's last published file can't be attributed to this occupation until DOL publishes them. The live list on the case search page carries them by employer.
Case data: DOL quarterly disclosure files (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jun 30, 2026 · quarterly
Employers and firms: Derived from DOL's disclosure files · data through Jun 30, 2026 · rebuilt with each quarterly load
O*NET occupation data: O*NET Database, USDOL/ETA (onetcenter.org) · data through Aug 16, 2026 · twice a year
BLS market pay: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (bls.gov) · data through May 31, 2025 · yearly, each spring
BLS employment projections: BLS Employment Projections (bls.gov) · data through Dec 31, 2025 · yearly, each autumn
DOL wage tables: DOL OFLC wage data downloads (flag.dol.gov) · data through Jul 1, 2026 · yearly, each july
What each source includes
Case data: Decided PERM cases only. A case still waiting isn't in here, so counts and durations describe finished cases.
Employers and firms: Employers, law firms and occupations ranked from decided cases only.
O*NET occupation data: What O*NET says each occupation is and takes: its description, tasks, Job Zone and the education workers report. A description of the job everywhere, not of any one employer's opening.
BLS market pay: What employers report paying everyone in each job, nationally, by state and by metro, from BLS's yearly survey (May of the year named). Citizens and immigrants alike; not PERM offers.
BLS employment projections: BLS's ten-year projection of each job's employment and yearly openings, and the entry education it calls typical. A projection, not a count.
DOL wage tables: The four prevailing wage levels DOL publishes for every job in every area, each wage year from 2021-22, as DOL's own tables print them. The floors an offer is held to, not what anyone was paid.
Cite this page
Waiting on a PERM case?
- When it'll likely be decided
- An email when DOL moves it